Complemento de Interpolação

The Interpolation plugin can be used to generate a TIN or IDW interpolation of a point vector layer. It is very simple to handle and provides an intuitive graphical user interface for creating interpolated raster layers (see Figure_interpolation_1). The plugin requires the following parameters to be specified before running:

  • Input Vector layers: Specify the input point vector layer(s) from a list of loaded point layers. If several layers are specified, then data from all layers is used for interpolation. Note: It is possible to insert lines or polygons as constraints for the triangulation, by specifying either “points”, “structure lines” or “break lines” in the Type selectString combo box.

  • Atributo de interpolação: Selecione a coluna do atributo que será usado para interpolação ou habilite a caixa de seleção checkbox Use Z-Coordenada

  • Interpolation Method: Select the interpolation method. This can be either ‘Triangulated Irregular Network (TIN)’ or ‘Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW)’. With the TIN method you can create a surface formed by triangles of nearest neighbor points. To do this, circumcircles around selected sample points are created and their intersections are connected to a network of non overlapping and as compact as possible triangles. The resulting surfaces are not smooth. When using the IDW method the sample points are weighted during interpolation such that the influence of one point relative to another declines with distance from the unknown point you want to create. The IDW interpolation method also has some disadvantages: the quality of the interpolation result can decrease, if the distribution of sample data points is uneven. Furthermore, maximum and minimum values in the interpolated surface can only occur at sample data points. This often results in small peaks and pits around the sample data points.
  • options Configure Interpolation Method: Configure the interpolation method you have chosen. For the TIN method you can choose between Linear and Clough Toucher (cubic) interpolation methods. You can also save the triangulation in shapefile format. For IDW interpolation you can set the distance coefficient.

  • Número de colunas/linhas: Especifique o número de linhas e colunas para o aquivo raster de saída.

  • Arquivo de Saída: Define o nome do arquivo raster de saída.

  • checkbox :guilabel:`Adicionar resultado ao projeto ` para carregar o resultado na tela do mapa.

Note that using lines as constraints for the interpolation the triangulation (TIN method) you can either use ‘structure lines’ or ‘break lines’. When using ‘break lines’ you produce sharp breaks in the surface while using ‘structure lines’ you produce continuous breaks. The triangulation is modified by both methods such that no edge crosses a breakline or structure line.

Figure Interpolation 1:

../../../_images/interpolate_dialog.png

Complemento de Interpolação

Usando o complemento

  1. Start QGIS and load a point vector layer (e.g., elevp.csv).
  2. Load the Interpolation plugin in the Plugin Manager (see Diálogo de Complementos) and click on the Raster ‣ Interpolation ‣ rasterInterpolate Interpolation menu, which appears in the QGIS menu bar. The Interpolation plugin dialog appears as shown in Figure_interpolation_1.
  3. Select an input layer (e.g., elevp selectString) and column (e.g., ELEV) for interpolation.

  4. Selecione um método de interpolação (ex.: ‘Triangulated Irregular Network (TIN)’), e especifique um tamanho de célula de 5000 e um bom nome de arquivo raster de saída (ex.: elevation_tin).

  5. Clique [OK].