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QGIS Configuration

QGIS is highly configurable through the Settings menu. Choose between Panels, Toolbars, Project Properties, Options and Customization.

ノート

QGIS follows desktop guidelines for the location of options and project properties item. Consequently related to the OS you are using, location of some of items described above could be located in the View menu (Panels and Toolbars) or in Project for Options.

Panels and Toolbars

In the Panels‣ menu, you can switch on and off QGIS widgets. The Toolbars‣ menu provides the possibility to switch on and off icon groups in the QGIS toolbar (see figure_panels_toolbars).

Figure Panels and Toolbars:

../../../_images/panels_and_toolbars.png

The Panels and Toolbars menu nix

ちなみに

Activating the QGIS Overview

In QGIS, you can use an overview panel that provides a full extent view of layers added to it. It can be selected under the menu nix Settings ‣ Panels or win View ‣ Panels. Within the view is a rectangle showing the current map extent. This allows you to quickly determine which area of the map you are currently viewing. Note that labels are not rendered to the map overview even if the layers in the map overview have been set up for labeling. If you click and drag the red rectangle in the overview that shows your current extent, the main map view will update accordingly.

ちなみに

Show Log Messages

It’s possible to track the QGIS messages. You can activate checkbox Log Messages in the menu nix Settings ‣ Panels or win View ‣ Panels and follow the messages that appear in the different tabs during loading and operation.

プロジェクトのプロパティ

In the properties window for the project under nix Settings ‣ Project Properties (kde) or nix win Project ‣ Project Properties (Gnome), you can set project-specific options. These include:

  • In the General menu, the project title, selection and background color, layer units, precision, and the option to save relative paths to layers can be defined. If the CRS transformation is on, you can choose an ellipsoid for distance calculations. You can define the canvas units (only used when CRS transformation is disabled) and the precision of decimal places to use. You can also define a project scale list, which overrides the global predefined scales.
  • The CRS menu enables you to choose the Coordinate Reference System for this project, and to enable on-the-fly re-projection of raster and vector layers when displaying layers from a different CRS.
  • With the third Identify layers menu, you set (or disable) which layers will respond to the identify tool (see the “Map tools” paragraph from the オプション section to enable identifying of multiple layers).
  • The Default Styles menu lets you control how new layers will be drawn when they do not have an existing .qml style defined. You can also set the default transparency level for new layers and whether symbols should have random colours assigned to them. There is also an additional section where you can define specific colors for the running project. You can find the added colors in the drop down menu of the color dialog window present in each renderer.
  • The tab OWS Server allows you to define information about the QGIS Server WMS and WFS capabilities, extent and CRS restrictions.
  • マクロ メニューはPythonマクロの編集のために使います. 現時点では: openProject(), saveProject() そして closeProject() の3つのマクロのみ使用可能です.

Figure Macro Menu:

../../../_images/macro.png

Macro settings in QGIS

  • The Relations menu is used to define 1:n relations. The relations are defined in the project properties dialog. Once relations exist for a layer, a new user interface element in the form view (e.g. when identifying a feature and opening its form) will list the related entities. This provides a powerful way to express e.g. the inspection history on a length of pipeline or road segment. You can find out more about 1:n relations support in Section Creating one to many relations.

オプション

mActionOptions Some basic options for QGIS can be selected using the Options dialog. Select the menu option Settings ‣ mActionOptions Options. The tabs where you can customize your options are described below.

一般情報メニュー

アプリケーション

  • Select the Style (QGIS restart required) selectstring and choose between ‘Oxygen’,’Windows’,’Motif’,’CDE’, ‘Plastique’ and ‘Cleanlooks’ (nix).
  • Define the Icon theme selectstring. Currently only ‘default’ is possible.
  • Define the Icon size selectstring.
  • Define the Font. Choose between radiobuttonon Qt default and a user-defined font.
  • Change the Timeout for timed messages or dialogs selectstring.
  • checkbox 起動時のスプラッシュスクリーンを隠す

  • checkbox 起動時にチップスを表示する

  • checkbox グループボックスのタイトルを太字にする

  • checkbox QGISスタイルのグループボックス

  • checkbox Use native color chooser dialogs
  • checkbox Use live-updating color chooser dialogs
  • checkbox Custom side bar style
  • checkbox Experimental canvas rotation support (restart required)

プロジェクトファイル

  • Open project on launch selectstring (choose between ‘New’, ‘Most recent’ and ‘Specific’). When choosing ‘Specific’ use the browsebutton to define a project.
  • checkbox 既定のプロジェクトから新プロジェクトを作成する. 現在のプロジェクトを既定プロジェクトとして指定する または 既定を解除 ボタンをクリックすることができます. またユーザが作成したプロジェクトテンプレートをファイルやディレクトリを指定するとブラウズすることができます. プロジェクト ‣ テンプレートをもとに新規作成 というエントリでそれができます.プロジェクトテンプレートを保存したい場合は最初に checkbox 既定のプロジェクトから新プロジェクトを作成する をアクティブにしてプロジェクトテンプレートフォルダーにプロジェクトを保存してください.

  • checkbox 必要に応じプロジェクトとデータソースの変更の保存を促す

  • checkbox Prompt for confirmation when a layer is to be removed
  • checkbox QGISの旧バージョンで保存したプロジェクトファイルを開く際に警告する

  • Enable macros selectstring. This option was created to handle macros that are written to perform an action on project events. You can choose between ‘Never’, ‘Ask’, ‘For this session only’ and ‘Always (not recommended)’.

システムメニュー

環境

System environment variables can now be viewed, and many configured, in the Environment group (see figure_environment_variables). This is useful for platforms, such as Mac, where a GUI application does not necessarily inherit the user’s shell environment. It’s also useful for setting and viewing environment variables for the external tool sets controlled by the Processing toolbox (e.g., SAGA, GRASS), and for turning on debugging output for specific sections of the source code.

  • checkbox Use custom variables (restart required - include separators). You can [Add] and [Remove] variables. Already-defined environment variables are displayed in Current environment variables, and it’s possible to filter them by activating checkbox Show only QGIS-specific variables.

Figure System Environment:

../../../_images/sys-env-options.png

System environment variables in QGIS

プラグインパス

[Add] or [Remove] Path(s) to search for additional C++ plugin libraries

データソースメニュー

地物属性とテーブル

  • checkbox ドックウィンドウで属性テーブルを開く(QGISの再起動が必要)

  • checkbox Copy geometry in WKT representation from attribute table. When using mActionCopySelected Copy selected rows to clipboard from the Attribute table dialog, this has the result that the coordinates of points or vertices are also copied to the clipboard.
  • Attribute table behaviour selectstring. There are three possibilities: ‘Show all features’, ‘Show selected features’ and ‘Show features visible on map’.
  • Attribute table row cache selectnumber. This row cache makes it possible to save the last loaded N attribute rows so that working with the attribute table will be quicker. The cache will be deleted when closing the attribute table.
  • Representation for NULL values. Here, you can define a value for data fields containing a NULL value.

データソースの操作

  • Scan for valid items in the browser dock selectstring. You can choose between ‘Check extension’ and ‘Check file contents’.
  • Scan for contents of compressed files (.zip) in browser dock selectstring. ‘No’, ‘Basic scan’ and ‘Full scan’ are possible.
  • Prompt for raster sublayers when opening. Some rasters support sublayers — they are called subdatasets in GDAL. An example is netCDF files — if there are many netCDF variables, GDAL sees every variable as a subdataset. The option allows you to control how to deal with sublayers when a file with sublayers is opened. You have the following choices:
    • ‘常に’:毎回確認 (サブレイヤが存在する場合)

    • ‘必要な場合’:バンドがなくサブレイヤをもつかを尋ねます

    • ‘利用しない’:確認せず何もロードしません

    • ‘‘すべてをロード’:確認せず,すべてのサブレイヤをロードします

  • checkbox Ignore shapefile encoding declaration. If a shapefile has encoding information, this will be ignored by QGIS.
  • checkbox Add PostGIS layers with double click and select in extended mode
  • checkbox ダブルクリックでOracleレイヤを追加する.拡張選択モードを利用する

レンダリングメニュー

Rendering behaviour

  • checkbox 地図に新しくレイヤを追加した際にそのレイヤが表示されることをデフォルトにする

  • checkbox 再描画の速度を上げられる場合にレンダのキャッシュを利用します

  • checkbox Render layers in parallel using many CPU cores
  • checkbox Max cores to use
  • Map update interval (default to 250 ms)
  • checkbox Enable feature simplication by default for newly added layers
  • Simplification threshold
  • checkbox 可能であればプロバイダ側で簡素化

  • Maximum scale at which the layer should be simplified

描画品質

  • checkbox 線のジャギーを目立たなくします(描画パフォーマンスが低下します)

ラスタ

  • With RGB band selection, you can define the number for the Red, Green and Blue band.

Contrast enhancement

  • Single band gray selectstring. A single band gray can have ‘No stretch’, ‘Stretch to MinMax’, ‘Stretch and Clip to MinMax’ and also ‘Clip to MinMax’.
  • Multi band color (byte/band) selectstring. Options are ‘No stretch’, ‘Stretch to MinMax’, ‘Stretch and Clip to MinMax’ and ‘Clip to MinMax’.
  • Multi band color (>byte/band) selectstring. Options are ‘No stretch’, ‘Stretch to MinMax’, ‘Stretch and Clip to MinMax’ and ‘Clip to MinMax’.
  • Limits (minimum/maximum) selectstring. Options are ‘Cumulative pixel count cut’, ‘Minimum/Maximum’, ‘Mean +/- standard deviation’.
  • 累積ピクセル数のカット制限

  • 標準偏差の乗数

デバッグ

  • checkbox マップキャンバスリフレッシュ

Colors Menu

This menu allows you to add some custom color that you can find in each color dialog window of the renderers. You will see a set of predefined colors in the tab: you can delete or edit all of them. Moreover you can add the color you want and perform some copy and paste operations. Finally you can export the color set as a gpl file or import them.

キャンバスと凡例のメニュー

デフォルトのマップ外観(プロジェクトプロパティを上書きします)

  • Define a Selection color and a Background color.

レイヤの凡例

  • Double click action in legend selectstring. You can either ‘Open layer properties’ or ‘Open attribute table’ with the double click.
  • 以下の 凡例アイテムスタイル は利用可能です

    • checkbox レイヤ名の最初を大文字にする

    • checkbox レイヤ名を太字にする

    • checkbox グループ名を太字にする

    • checkbox 分類の属性名称を表示する

    • checkbox ラスタアイコンの作成(多分遅い)

マップツールズメニュー

This menu offers some options regarding the behaviour of the Identify tool.

  • Search radius for identifying and displaying map tips is a tolerance factor expressed as a percentage of the map width. This means the identify tool will depict results as long as you click within this tolerance.
  • Highlight color allows you to choose with which color should features being identified are to be highlighted.
  • Buffer expressed as a percentage of the map width, determines a buffer distance to be rendered from the outline of the identify highlight.
  • Minimum width expressed as a percentage of the map width, determines how thick should the outline of a highlighted object be.

計測ツール

  • 計測ツールの ラバーバンド色 を定義します。

  • Define 小数位

  • checkbox Keep base unit
  • Preferred measurements units radiobuttonon (‘Meters’, ‘Feet’, ‘Nautical Miles’ or ‘Degrees’)`
  • Preferred angle units radiobuttonon (‘Degrees’, ‘Radians’ or ‘Gon’)

パンとズーム

  • Define Mouse wheel action selectstring (‘Zoom’, ‘Zoom and recenter’, ‘Zoom to mouse cursor’, ‘Nothing’)
  • ホイールマウスの ズーム倍率 の定義

定義済み縮尺

Here, you find a list of predefined scales. With the [+] and [-] buttons you can add or remove your individual scales.

コンポーザメニュー

コンポジションデフォルト

You can define the Default font here.

グリッドの外観

  • Define the Grid style selectstring (‘Solid’, ‘Dots’, ‘Crosses’)
  • Define the Grid color

Grid and guide defaults

  • Define the Grid spacing selectnumber
  • Define the Grid offset selectnumber for x and y
  • Define the Snap tolerance selectnumber

デジタイズメニュー

地物の作成

  • checkbox 地物作成後のポップアップ属性入力を行わない

  • checkbox 最後に入力した値を再利用する

  • Validate geometries. Editing complex lines and polygons with many nodes can result in very slow rendering. This is because the default validation procedures in QGIS can take a lot of time. To speed up rendering, it is possible to select GEOS geometry validation (starting from GEOS 3.3) or to switch it off. GEOS geometry validation is much faster, but the disadvantage is that only the first geometry problem will be reported.

ラバーバンド

  • ラバーバンドの 線幅線色 を指定して下さい

スナップ

  • checkbox ドックウィンドウ内でスナップオプションを開く (QGIS の再起動が必要)

  • Define Default snap mode selectstring (‘To vertex’, ‘To segment’, ‘To vertex and segment’, ‘Off’)
  • Define Default snapping tolerance in map units or pixels
  • Define the Search radius for vertex edits in map units or pixels

頂点マーカー

  • checkbox 選択された地物のみマーカーを表示する

  • Define vertex Marker style selectstring (‘Cross’ (default), ‘Semi transparent circle’ or ‘None’)
  • 頂点の マーカーの大きさ を指定して下さい

カーブオフセットツール

The next 3 options refer to the mActionOffsetCurve Offset Curve tool in 高度なデジタイジング. Through the various settings, it is possible to influence the shape of the line offset. These options are possible starting from GEOS 3.3.

  • 結合スタイル

  • Quadrant segments
  • 継ぎ目制限

GDALメニュー

GDAL is a data exchange library for raster files. In this tab, you can Edit create options and Edit Pyramids Options of the raster formats. Define which GDAL driver is to be used for a raster format, as in some cases more than one GDAL driver is available.

CRSメニュー

新プロジェクトの既定の投影座標系

  • radiobuttonoff Don’t enable ‘on the fly’ reprojection
  • radiobuttonon Automatically enable ‘on the fly’ reprojection if layers have different CRS
  • radiobuttonoff Enable ‘on the fly’ reprojection by default
  • CRS の選択と 新しいプロジェクトは常にこの CRSで開始する

新しいレイヤの投影座標系

このエリアでは新しいレイヤが作成された場合、またはCRSのないレイヤが読み込まれた場合に、実行するアクションを定義することができます。

  • radiobuttonon Prompt for CRS
  • radiobuttonoff Use project CRS
  • radiobuttonoff Use default CRS

デフォルト datum 変換

  • checkbox デフォルトが定義されていないときにデータム変換をするかどうか問いかける

  • If you have worked with the ‘on-the-fly’ CRS transformation you can see the result of the transformation in the window below. You can find information about ‘Source CRS’ and ‘Destination CRS’ as well as ‘Source datum transform’ and ‘Destination datum transform’.

ロケールメニュー

  • checkbox システムロケールを上書きする代わりに利用するロケール

  • 有効なシステムロケールについての情報

ネットワークメニュー

一般情報

  • Define WMS search address, default is http://geopole.org/wms/search?search=\%1\&type=rss
  • Define Timeout for network requests (ms) - default is 60000
  • Default expiration period for WMSC/WMTS tiles (hours) を定義して下さい- デフォルトは 24です

  • Define Max retry in case of tile request errors
  • Define User-Agent

Figure Network Tab:

../../../_images/proxy-settings.png

Proxy-settings in QGIS

キャッシュ設定

キャッシュのための ディレクトリサイズ の指定.

  • checkbox Web接続にプロキシを使用する と ‘ホスト’, ‘ポート’, ‘ユーザ’, と ‘パスワード’ の指定.

  • Set the Proxy type selectstring according to your needs.
    • Default Proxy: プロキシはアプリケーションのプロキシ設定によって決まります

    • Socks5Proxy: あらゆる種類の接続に対応した一般的なプロキシ. TCP, UDP, ポートへのバインディング (入力コネクション) と認証をサポートします.

    • HttpProxy: “CONNECT” コマンドを実装しています, 外向きの TCP コネクションのみサポートしています; 認証をサポートしています.

    • HttpCachingProxy: Implemented using normal HTTP commands, it is useful only in the context of HTTP requests.
    • FtpCachingProxy: Implemented using an FTP proxy, it is useful only in the context of FTP requests.

プロキシ設定の下のテキストボックスに除外するいくつかのURLを追加できます( Figure_Network_Tab 参照).

If you need more detailed information about the different proxy settings, please refer to the manual of the underlying QT library documentation at http://doc.trolltech.com/4.5/qnetworkproxy.html#ProxyType-enum.

ちなみに

プロキシの利用

Using proxies can sometimes be tricky. It is useful to proceed by ‘trial and error’ with the above proxy types, to check to see if they succeed in your case.

You can modify the options according to your needs. Some of the changes may require a restart of QGIS before they will be effective.

  • nix Settings are saved in a text file: $HOME/.config/QGIS/QGIS2.conf
  • osx $HOME/Library/Preferences/org.qgis.qgis.plist で設定を見つけることができます。

  • win  設定は以下のレジストリに保存されます: HKEY\CURRENT_USER\Software\QGIS\qgis

カスタマイゼーション

The customization tool lets you (de)activate almost every element in the QGIS user interface. This can be very useful if you have a lot of plugins installed that you never use and that are filling your screen.

Figure Customization 1:

../../../_images/customization.png

The Customization dialog nix

QGIS Customization is divided into five groups. In checkbox Menus, you can hide entries in the Menu bar. In checkbox Panels, you find the panel windows. Panel windows are applications that can be started and used as a floating, top-level window or embedded to the QGIS main window as a docked widget (see also Panels and Toolbars). In the checkbox Status Bar, features like the coordinate information can be deactivated. In checkbox Toolbars, you can (de)activate the toolbar icons of QGIS, and in checkbox Widgets, you can (de)activate dialogs as well as their buttons.

With mActionSelect Switch to catching widgets in main application, you can click on elements in QGIS that you want to be hidden and find the corresponding entry in Customization (see figure_customization). You can also save your various setups for different use cases as well. Before your changes are applied, you need to restart QGIS.