Leitura e Armazenamento de Configurações¶

Várias vezes é útil para o módulo salvar algumas variáveis para que o utilizador não necessite de introduzir ou seleccionar outra vez numa próxima vez que o módulo corra.

These variables can be saved and retrieved with help of Qt and QGIS API. For each variable, you should pick a key that will be used to access the variable — for user’s favourite color you could use key “favourite_color” or any other meaningful string. It is recommended to give some structure to naming of keys.

Nós podemos fazer a diferença entre os diversos tipos de configurações:

global settings — they are bound to the user at particular machine. QGIS itself stores a lot of global settings, for example, main window size or default snapping tolerance. This functionality is provided directly by Qt framework by the means of QSettings class. By default, this class stores settings in system’s “native” way of storing settings, that is — registry (on Windows), .plist file (on Mac OS X) or .ini file (on Unix). The QSettings documentation is comprehensive, so we will provide just a simple example
```
def store():
  s = QSettings()
  s.setValue("myplugin/mytext", "hello world")
  s.setValue("myplugin/myint",  10)
  s.setValue("myplugin/myreal", 3.14)

def read():
  s = QSettings()
  mytext = s.value("myplugin/mytext", "default text")
  myint  = s.value("myplugin/myint", 123)
  myreal = s.value("myplugin/myreal", 2.71)
```
O segundo parâmetro do método value() é opcional e especifica o valor padrão se não for fornecido uma definição do valor prévio para o nome da configuração passada.

project settings — vary between different projects and therefore they are connected with a project file. Map canvas background color or destination coordinate reference system (CRS) are examples — white background and WGS84 might be suitable for one project, while yellow background and UTM projection are better for another one. An example of usage follows
```
proj = QgsProject.instance()

# store values
proj.writeEntry("myplugin", "mytext", "hello world")
proj.writeEntry("myplugin", "myint", 10)
proj.writeEntry("myplugin", "mydouble", 0.01)
proj.writeEntry("myplugin", "mybool", True)

# read values
mytext = proj.readEntry("myplugin", "mytext", "default text")[0]
myint = proj.readNumEntry("myplugin", "myint", 123)[0]
```
Como pode ver, o método writeEntry() é usado para todos os tipos de dados, mas em diversos métodos existe para leitura um valor de configuração de retorno, e o correspondente tem de ser seleccionado para cada tipo de dado.

map layer settings — these settings are related to a particular instance of a map layer with a project. They are not connected with underlying data source of a layer, so if you create two map layer instances of one shapefile, they will not share the settings. The settings are stored in project file, so if the user opens the project again, the layer-related settings will be there again. This functionality has been added in QGIS v1.4. The API is similar to QSettings — it takes and returns QVariant instances
```
# save a value
layer.setCustomProperty("mytext", "hello world")

# read the value again
mytext = layer.customProperty("mytext", "default text")
```

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Leitura e Armazenamento de Configurações¶